SKEP
Welsh Marches · eleven out-apiaries · since 2009

Skep

We keep bees for the honey the hedge gives us, and sell what the year leaves over.

Single-origin seasonal honey pressed from one flow at a time, over-wintered nucleus colonies, and mated queens raised from our own stock. Nothing blended, nothing bought in.

The instrument

The colony year

This is one of our colonies, modelled day by day: the queen’s laying, the twenty-one days in the cell, two different lifespans, and what the hedge is giving on any given morning. Drag through the year. Then make something go wrong and watch where it surfaces — which is rarely where it happened.

Cut-away · one colony Clustered

Colony 15,500
Out working 0
Brood 0
In the hive 16.5kg

Bees in the box Dashed: bees actually out working

1 Jan
What the hedge is giving
Make something go wrong
Crop off the hive 23.1kg
Peak colony 62,186
Going into winter 9,302

December to February

Winter

Nothing is asleep. The cluster is a muscle, shivering, eating through what we left it.

There is no brood for most of it, so the colony cannot replace a single bee it loses. What is in the box in December is what has to reach March. We do not open hives; we heft them from behind, and the ones that feel light get fondant and a note in the book.

Cluster core34°C
Stores left on17–20kg
Hives opened0
March to May

Spring

The colony is now in a race with its own mortality, and it starts the race behind.

Every bee alive in March was born the previous autumn and is running out of time. The queen has to replace them faster than they die, on willow and blackthorn alone, in weather that can shut the hedge for a fortnight. This is where the year is won: a colony that is not strong by the third week of May cannot take the flow when it comes.

Lowest of the year7,143
On29 Mar
Egg to bee21 days
June to July

The flow

A fortnight of lime, and a colony that was ready for it.

The main flow is not long. Clover carries the middle of it and lime finishes it, and between them is the June gap — a fortnight when the rape is over, the clover has not started, and a heavy colony can starve with supers on. The bees working it were laid in May. That is the whole of the argument for not letting them swarm.

Peak colony62,186
Best day’s take3.3kg
Supers on3–4
August to November

Harvest

We take the crop, and then we stop thinking about honey and start thinking about March.

The balsam finishes, the crop comes off, and the only thing that matters afterwards is the September brood. Those bees never forage. They carry fat reserves, live five months instead of six weeks, and they are the colony that opens next spring. Treat late and you lose them; treat on time and you have not lost anything yet.

Crop this year23.1kg
Winter bee lives~165 days
Summer bee lives~38 days